教你精读雅思阅读文章

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【导语】以下是小编帮大家整理的教你精读雅思阅读文章（共9篇），供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到您。

篇1：教你精读雅思阅读文章

精读文章是突破雅思阅读高分的必经途径。但是我们要明确，雅思阅读的精读一定是在做完题目之后进行的。目的为了查找漏洞单词，理解长难句和掌握文章结构。而不是把精读作为做阅读得一种方法，因为精读会耗费很长时间，需要逐句分析，考场上是不可能这样做的，根本来不及，因此一旦养成了先精读再做题的坏习惯，后果很严重。那下面就说说简答容易上手的精读方法

4个步骤教你精读雅思阅读文章

1.摘抄单词：准备一本笔记本，把文章里不能迅速反应中文意思的单词全部记下来(当然不包括专有名词)尤其注意里面的词组搭配，然后挨个去查字典。这个过程非常费时，非常痛苦，但是千万不要偷懒，第一眼不能想到意思的单词也要记下来，这说明掌握的还不牢固;另外一定要改掉每个单词只记一个意思的坏习惯，因为一词多义也是雅思阅读得一个考察重点。比如produce,同学们知道它有动词，生产的意思，但是在……produce is expensive.这道题中，produce却是名词农产品的意思。

2. 摘抄替换：认真分析每道题目在文章里的对应句，可能是一句话也能是多句，把题目中的考点和原文中的同意替换都整理出来，列出一个表格。这类同意替换也是所有单词中的重中之重，一定要整理下来重点记忆。

3.逐句理解，划分成分：把每句话的句子结构搞清楚，简单句找出主干，复杂句找出主从关系。先理解主干结构，再理解修饰部分。如果这一部分不会做，就要加强相关的语法知识的学习。

举个例子：

There is no doubt, however, that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.

分析有插入语(however)的长难句时，我们首先把插入语去掉或提前。然后我们可以看出句子真正的主干部分，是在no doubt后连接的从句中，而这个从句中有一个同学们在读文章时不易识别的结构：强调句(it is … that), 看出这个，那么这句话的主干就不难找出了，是the increasing number of applicants has led to the importance of the curriculum vitae, 即不断增加的申请人数使简历变得重要。看完主干后，紧接着看剩下的短语，我们看到applicants后面紧跟着with university education, 限定了applicants的条件，即具有大学学历的申请者，再加上一个状语的限制in the process of engaging staff, 即在员工录入的过程中，通过这样一系列的步骤后，整句话的意思就很清晰了。

4理清文章整体结构，找出每个段落主题和细节：这一步是从微观细节上升到宏观结构，大多数同学就是太关注细节，而缺少这种整体把控的能力和意识。段落结构和文章结构的有效理解对对于解heading题和段落信息匹配题尤为重要。

· 对于文章结构，我们要知道它是按时间顺序，还是提出问题和解决方案，还是呈现不同人的观点等等;

· 对于段落内部，如果有主题句，理解主题句;如果没有，尝试体会重点要表达的意思。这对于标题和信息匹配题目非常重要。

当我们能把结构理清，主题细节分辨好之后，我们真正需要阅读的内容就会大大缩短，对于我们阅读速度的提高也是很有帮助的。

以上就是精读的基本方法，重点针对“读“这一个方面。如果有细心的同学对比过雅思阅读和写作的素材，不难发现，雅思阅读得文章也是很好的大作文的素材，比如lost of words(剑4)这篇文章就是大作文里语言保护话题得优秀素材。所以同学们除了读以外，还可以根据大作文的题目进行摘抄的素材整理。

最后，精度要坚持，要精不要量，两本书就够了，虽然一开始总结单词很麻烦，但是理论上说，如果每一篇单词都掌握，那么下一篇中的陌生单词就会越来越少，因为你认识的词已经越来越多了。所以精读的速度也会越来越快，你考试看文章的速度也会越来越快。

雅思阅读材料大集合：英国超辣汉堡致5人住院

Diners are being asked to sign a waiver before eating a fiery chilli burger - after it put five people in hospital.

英国一餐厅推出的热辣汉堡已导致5人住院，现在再想吃这款“变态辣”汉堡要先签署免责声明。

The _X Hot Chilli Burger - dubbed the hottest dish in Britain - is served to over 18s only at Burger Off in Sussex.

这款被称为英国最辣的热辣汉堡，是苏塞克斯郡汉堡店Burger Off 的料理，仅卖给18岁以上的成年人。

It is topped with chilli sauce worth a staggering 9.2million on the Scoville scale - a measure of the 'hotness' of foods. In contrast, the average chilli pepper comes in at just 500 Scoville Heat Units.

热辣汉堡涂有“史高维尔辣度指标”920万的辣椒酱。“史高维尔辣度指标”是测量食物辣度的指标，普通辣椒指数仅500。

One diner was taken to hospital with a suspected perforated bowel after eating the spicy dish, while four others were admitted for treatment on the same night for suspected anaphylactic shock.

一位顾客在吃了这款热辣汉堡后疑似因肠穿孔被送往医院救治，当晚还有4位顾客疑似过敏休克入院。

Now, restaurant owner Nick Gambardella is asking customers to sign a legal disclaimer that prevents them from suing him if they fall victim to the red-hot burger.

汉堡店老板尼克·甘巴德拉为避免顾客用餐后出现不良反应起诉自己，要求顾客只有在签署了法律免责声明后方可尝试此热辣汉堡。

The document reads: 'I the undersigned accept all responsibility for any effects incured due to the consumtion of the above mentioned _X Hot Chilli Burger and release Burger Off, its owner and staff from any liability.'

声明中写道：“我签署同意，在Burger Off食用热辣汉堡所带来的一切后果责任由我个人承担，餐厅和餐厅老板、服务员免责。”

Mr Gambardella, 55, said he was 'amazed' that he was allowed to sell such a spicy burger - adding: 'It has been a massive hit with the customers'.

55岁的甘巴德拉说自己也很吃惊，居然得到了销售此款热辣汉堡的许可证，他补充道：“这在顾客中反响很大”。

'I have to admit I’ve not dared to try one of these burgers myself as they are so spicy,' he said. 'One guy came in and he was just a little bit cocky and when he left he was admitted to hospital because prior to eating the burger he had a stomach ulcerand we believe it perforated his bowel. He wasn’t in a good way but he pulled through.

“不得不承认，连我自己都不敢尝试这款热辣汉堡，因为它真的太辣了。”他说，“有位客人进店的时候还自以为是，但是离开的时候就直接入院了。在吃热辣汉堡之前这家伙就有胃溃疡，我们觉得在吃了汉堡之后他可能肠穿孔了。他还没有完全康复，但目前已经度过了危险期。”

The burger, which is on sale for only ￡3.90, features sauce based on a Piri Piri chilli concentrate, created through steaming and later infused with carbon dioxide.

这款热辣汉堡售价仅3.9英镑(约合人民币39元)，其特色在于添加其中的皮尔皮尔辣椒酱，这种辣椒酱的制作方法是先气蒸后注入二氧化碳。

So far, only 59 out of 3,000 challengers have succeeded in eating the entire dish. Many of the burger's conquerors have taken to Twitter and The Burger Off Facebook page to spread the word of their victory.

截至目前，3000名挑战者仅有59位成功吃完整个汉堡。许多挑战成功者在推特和Burger Off餐厅的脸书页面上炫耀自己的胜利。

Mr Gambardella said the burger had caused customers to adopt a number of undignified coping mechanisms, including stripping naked, begging for mercy, punching windows and vomiting.

甘巴德拉说，顾客在吃热辣汉堡时言行举止十分不雅，有的大脱衣服、有的跪地求饶、还有的捶窗呕吐。

It has also left many diners suffering from anaphylactic shock - a severe allergic reaction that can cause swelling, rashes and difficulty breathing.

大量顾客吃了热辣汉堡后过敏性休克，这种严重的过敏反应会导致肿胀、发疹和呼吸困难。

'The burgers are cooked properly - it’s the sauce that is maybe too hot to handle,' said Mr Gambardella.

甘巴德拉说：“其实汉堡烹饪是合理的。热辣汉堡这么辣，都是辣酱惹的祸。”

雅思阅读材料大集合：电影院里的骗局

In , China achieved a record-breaking high for its film industry's box-office revenues, which officially register at 21.769 billion yuan ($3.59 billion). But according to Wang Changtian, CEO of Enlight, that was at least 5 billion yuan short of the real number. Other experts put the gap at 2.4 billion, explaining the reported box-office figure at 10 percent less than the real one. That gap is someone's windfall, illegally pocketed by cinema owners and operators, professionally known as film exhibitors. And the regulating agency is getting tough on this kind of theft.

Wang Changtian has reasons to be angry. Over the Lunar New Year season that has recently wound down, he received on his microblog numerous audience reports, complete with photos, of tickets to Dad, Where Are We Going?, a runaway hit his company distributes. The tickets had no movie title printed on them or the prices printed were lower than what was actually paid by the moviegoers - all signs that the movie's revenues were not correctly registered.

The earliest manifestation of the shady practice of “box-office stealing” loomed a few years ago when individual moviegoers posted suspicious tickets online. Tickets of this type usually had movie title “A” computer-printed on it, but the printed title was scratched out by hand and title “B” written in. Fingers were pointed at the producer or distributor of title A, but more likely it was the movie theater that was behind it. The reason could be simple: Film A gives the exhibitor a larger share of the revenue than film B.

However, this is just the tip of the iceberg. Industry insiders reveal it was much worse before computer systems were installed in the nation's cinemas, and of course, before social media websites turned everyone into a potential reporter of such business deceit. As a matter of fact, some cinema investors were not even aware that they had to split their revenue with other parties. “This phenomenon started from the age of planned economy,” says Mao Yu, deputy director of the Film Bureau, a branch of the regulating agency.

But it may have turned from guerrilla tactics to larger-scale con games. For group purchases, violators would not even issue tickets, essentially not reporting a single cent of revenue from a whole screening. Since a representative of the group usually deals with the cinema, unless he or she specifically demands a printed ticket for each member of the group, all of them would be in the dark about income reporting from the cinema to the distributor.

Another trick lies in membership dues, which are often collected up front. When a paid member reimburses for a ticket, it may have only the screening room on it, and the exhibitors can choose to credit it to any movie they like, or not to any movie, in which case they pocket 100 percent of the revenue.

Some cinemas would go as far as investing in a separate point-of-sale computer system so that each ticket buyer gets the right ticket, but none of the data shows up on the centralized system. Instead, another set of credible purchase data would be put in the correct system, but with lower attendance.

Both distributors and exhibitors that I spoke to agree that cheating is much less rampant than before, say a dozen years ago, and now is mostly limited to third and fourth-tier cities. China Film Group, the nation's largest film production and distribution company, heads a consortium with several major private companies that hires 1,000 people to monitor cinemas nationwide, and Huaxia, another State-owned company, has a smaller army of 800.

However, there are situations even these sharp-eyed monitors can do little about. For example, if a cinema sells a ticket for 80 yuan, which is normal for primetime, but gives away a free popcorn, it may attribute as much as 60 yuan of the ticket price to the popcorn, leaving only 20 as the ticket price. But it can argue that 20 yuan is the minimum price for this particular film agreed upon by both sides and therefore it does not violate any rule.

A similar scheme was employed when Transformers 3 was bundled with Yang Shanzhou, a very small film with little box-office potential, making the latter into a strange film with eye-popping revenue (79 million yuan) but disproportionately fewer people who actually bothered to see it. There were sporadic online complaints about the practice even though consumers did not pay more for the package deal.

The State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television, the regulating agency, announced measures in late January to curb under-reporting and cheating on box-office revenues. A special fund is set up to subsidize the upgrading of computer software at point of sale. The current system was installed in and “cannot keep up with the new situation”, in the words of Jiang Tao, director of the fund. “The new system will fix loopholes and shorten the reporting window to only 10 minutes after a sale is made instead of waiting till next noon, which is the current reporting lapse in time, which leaves room for manipulation. The national platform will be ready by May and the cinema side will complete their upgrading by October.”

Apart from putting a stamp of authorization on all sales systems, SAPPRFT insists that all film tickets carry correct prices and movie admission. But conspicuously absent are concrete penalties for violations. The software upgrade will certainly be a great help, admit distributors and exhibitors, but it may not be enough.

“The cost of violation is still too low. If you're caught under-reporting 10 tickets, all you need to do is make up for the shortfall,” says Huang Ziyan, vice-president of Le Vision Pictures in charge of sales.

Cao Yong, a manager with the Huaxing UME cinema chain, suggests that violators should have their business license revoked. “Cinemas invest tens of millions of yuan and, with punishment of this severity, it would not make sense for them to steal 80,000 or 100,000 yuan from the box office.”

Other ideas have been floated such as the use of an infra-red camera that automatically scans a movie theater for attendance. The technology has been available for eight or nine years and it claims to have 95 percent accuracy. But it has never been put into use.

Filmmakers are reluctant to stand firm when they become victims because they do not want to offend the exhibition branch of the business chain - the branch that deals directly with end users. Some say they are no longer sad at the irregularity, but have come to the stage of despair.

This time it's for real, and “we'll cleanse the industry of this illegal and irregular behavior”, says Zhang Hongsen, director of SAPPRFT's Film Bureau.

，中国电影行业票房收入创下历史新高，据官方统计，收入达217.69亿元人民币(35.9亿美元)。据光线传媒总裁王长田透露，这一数字比实际数字少了至少50亿元。还有专家认为二者之间相差24亿元，票房上报数字与实际数字之间相差至少10%。其中的差额，进了一些人的腰包，成为了放映方，即影院所有人和经营者的非法收入。监管机构开始对此类事件进行严肃管理。

王长田的气愤是有理由的。在刚刚结束的春节档期，他的微博上收到许多观众留言，并附上电影《爸爸去哪儿》的电影票照片。这部电影是光线传媒公司发行的热门影片。有的电影票上没有电影的名字，而一些电影票上标出的价格要低于观众实际购票的价格。这些都说明上报的电影收入并不真实。

几年以前，就有观众将可疑的电影票上传到网上，那时候就出现了“偷票房”的恶劣行为。电脑打出的电影票上往往标记为A电影，但后来被涂改成B。有人指责A电影出品人和发行人，而幕后的操作者更有可能是影院方面的人员。原因很简单。相比B电影而言，放映方从A影片中得到的收入更多。

但这只是冰山一角。业内人士透露，在中国电影院尚未安装电脑系统，社交网站还没有让所有人都成为此类商业骗行的潜在报道者之前，这类事件要更加严重。事实上，部分电影投资者甚至根本不知道，其他人在分享他们的收入。电影监管机构、国家新闻出版广电总局电影局副局长毛羽说，“计划经济时代就出现了这种现象”。

但是，这已经从零散的现象，变成了规模巨大的骗局。违反规定的人甚至不会给团购观众发放电影票，在整场放映中基本不上报一分钱的收入。只有团购代表会与电影院直接打交道，所以如果他没有提出特殊要求，为每一位成员打印电影票，在电影院上报给发行方的收入报告中，是不会显示团购情况的。

在会费方面也会耍手腕，因为会费是提前收取的。会员的电影票上只显示在几号放映厅，放映方可以将电影票任意对应到别的影片上，或者根本不记录会员看过电影，这样他们就可以私吞所有的收入。

一些影院投资了单独的零售电脑系统，可以让购票者买到正确的电影票，同时不会让中央系统中显示任何数据。而另外一组可信的购买数据会被输入正确的系统中，但显示的上座率较低。

我了解到的发行商和放映方都认为如今的欺骗行为较从前，就是十几年前，收敛了很多;现在只有三、四线城市会出现这样的行为。中国的电影制作和发行公司中国电影集团同数家大型私人公司共同组建并领导了一个协会，雇佣1000人监督全国的影院。另一家国有电影公司华夏电影公司也拥有一支八百人的队伍。

但是，即使是这些精明的监督者也有力所不及的情况。例如，影院出售一张80元的电影票(热映电影的正常票价)，同时赠送免费的爆米花。这时候，爆米花可能占去票价中的60元，而电影票只能占票价中的20元。电影院声称，双方商议的影片价格就是20元，因此影院没有违反任何规定。

《变形金刚3》同票房潜力很小的小制作电影《杨善洲》捆绑，让后者取得了令人震惊的票房收入(7900万元)，但是这一数字同极少量的观影人数并不相符。这是一种类似的手段。虽然消费者不会为这样的捆绑交易多付钱，但网上还是有一些对这类行为的投诉。

作为监管机构，国家新闻出版广电总局一月底公布了治理虚报、谎报票房收入的办法。成立专门基金，补贴销售点电脑软件的升级。国家电影专资办主任姜涛表示，安装于的现行系统“跟不上新情况”。

“新系统会修补漏洞，销售结束十分钟以后即结束上报窗口，而不再等到第二天中午”，延缓上报时间，会为弄虚作假留下空间。五月即将建成平台，影院方面将于十月完成升级。

除了对所有销售系统进行管理，国家新闻出版广电总局坚持要求所有电影票显示正确的价格和入场费。但没有对违反规定的具体处罚措施。发行方和放映方承认，软件更新一定会提供很大帮助，但帮助可能不够。

“违反规定的代价还是太低了。如果被发现虚报了10次票价，只需要补上缺口即可，”乐视影业市场副总裁黄紫燕说。

华星UME影城的经理曹勇建议吊销违反规定的单位的营业执照。“电影院的投资上千万，这样严厉的惩罚，会让他们觉得为了8万、10万的票房受这样的惩罚划不来。”

还有人想到其他办法，如运用可以自动扫描影院放映厅上座率的红外摄像机。未来8到9年，将可以利用这项技术，据称这项技术的准确率为95%。但现在这项技术尚未得到使用。

电影制作方在受到损失时，不愿意太过严厉，因为他们不想得罪放映方，原因在于在商业链上放映方所处的环节直接接触终端用户。一些人说不再为这样的不规矩行为感到难过，而是开始失望。

这一次真的要采取行动，“我们要肃清行业中的这类非法，违规行为”，国家新闻出版广电总局电影局局长张宏森说。

4个步骤

篇2：雅思阅读文章如何把握精读要点

雅思阅读文章 如何把握精读要点

生词背过一遍后，再读一遍文章。文章中的每句话每个段落读懂记住，记不住的可以在单词后面标记1，重点记忆;再读的时候，记不住可以标2，标3;这样反复记忆。有些单词就是和我们的记忆犯怵，需要反复标注重复记。

有的同学做精读时，甚至有单词标12、13，几个单词翻来覆去记不住。这样只有重复，不断的重复看那句话，那些句子。直到自己再一次读文章能想起来词汇的意思，标注的数字13就可以划掉，下次再想起来，划掉12,11，一次划掉一个数字…通过这样第二次的阅读，词汇就积累下来。

还有另一种可能，句子中的词汇全都认识，但依然读不懂整个句子。这样的同学问题在语法上。可以把句子抄在本上分析句型，看语法点，找出自己的问题。抄几个句子后不难发现，句子和句子之间都是相通的，结构一样，自己可能就卡在某一个语法点上不熟悉。把句型弄清楚了，句子就明白了。

第三种可能，文章中单词都认识，句型也明白，但还是整句意思读不懂。这就可能是“熟词僻意”。就是某个词同学们以为自己认识，其实不然。

比如medical complaint 很多同学将两个词分开翻译，联系起来翻译为医疗。但其实，这个词是内科疾病。比如，international relief 是国际救援。

雅思阅读解题技巧分享：Multiple choice

Task description

In this question type you will be given a 'stem' which may be an incomplete sentence or a question. The stem will be followed by three or four options - one will be correct (the answer) and three may seem possible but are in fact incorrect in some way (the distracters).

In tackling this type of question, it is very important to read the stem carefully. Candidates often make careless mistakes when they misread the stem and so choose the wrong option.

What is being tested

Multiple choice questions can be designed to test a wide variety of reading skills. The questions may require you to have an overall understanding of the main points of the text as in Question 1 of the sample task, in which case you will need to be able to read for gist. Or they may require you to have a detailed understanding of particular points as in questions 2 and 3 of the Sample Task, in which case you will need to be able to read for specific details. Multiple choice questions may also ask you to identify facts or opinions in the text.

How to approach summary completion questions

Step 1: Read the instructions carefully

Step 2: Skim all the questions briefly to get an idea of the topics for which you will be searching when reading the text.

Step 3: Read the first question again more carefully. Decide what you will need to read to answer the question. Is the question asking you for a particular detail that you need to find in the text? Or is the question asking you for an answer which requires a global understanding of the whole text?

Step 4: Once you have decided the best strategy for dealing with the question (as above), you will need to proceed to read the text in the appropriate manner, for example reading for gist, reading for detail etc.

雅思阅读解题技巧分享：Identify writer's views

Task description

In this task type you will be given a number of statements. You will have to decide if these statements agree with the writer's views.

To complete this task well you will often need to be able to recognise the writer's views not only from what is said directly, but also from what is implied. For example, we do not need the writer to state directly that he/she disapproves of zoos. We can infer this disapproval if the writer states his/her disapproval of the following: animals being taken from the wild, animals being caged, people paying money to see animals, animals not having any privacy. However, if the writer simply describes the problems with zoos this does not necessarily imply disapproval.

Also, we should not try to guess the writer's views. In statement 5 of the sample task on the following page, we should not assume that because we think that the lifeboats should have rescued more people, or because 'everybody' thinks that the lifeboats should have returned to rescue more people, that this is the writer's view. In this case the writer does not express any view on this issue; she simply states the fact that the lifeboats were not full and so the answer must be Not Given.

What is being tested is your ability to:

identify opinion and attitude

skim for detailed information

make inferences

How to approach questions requiring you to identify the writer's views

Step 1: Read the instructions carefully. Note that you are asked to identify the writer's opinion, which may not necessarily be the same as the facts. Note also the difference between the three categories you have to use, particularly:

No The statement contradicts the writer.

Not Given The writer does not give an opinion on this point.

Step 2: Skim through all of the statements to get an idea of the topics you will be searching for in your reading of the text.

Step 3: Read the first statement again more carefully. Note the main point or opinion given in the statement.

Step 4: Skim the text for the section which refers to that idea. If you come across information relating to other statements, put a mark beside the section so that you can find it quickly again later.

Step 5: Once you have found the appropriate section of the text, read more carefully. Decide if the statement agrees with the view of the author (select Yes) or disagrees with the author (select No). If the author doesn't give an opinion which agrees or disagrees with the statement then select Not Given.

雅思阅读解题技巧分享：Matching headings

Task description

In this type of question, you will be given a list of headings. The instructions will also indicate around 4 to 6 paragraphs from the reading text. The task is to find the most suitable heading for each of the paragraphs. There will be more headings than paragraphs, and you shouldn抰 use any heading more than once unless the instructions tell you that you can.

To complete this task well, you will need to be able to identify each paragraph抯 main focus. The correct heading will sum up the main idea of the paragraph.

You may like to print out the original reading text before attempting this test.

What is being tested is your ability to:

Identify the main idea of a paragraph

How to approach matching headings to paragraphs

Step 1: Read the instructions carefully. Note that the heading you choose should sum up the main idea of the paragraph. Also note which paragraphs you need to look at, as you are often not required to do them all.

Step 2: Familiarise yourself with the list of paragraph headings by skimming through them quickly.

Step 3: Read through the first paragraph for which you have to find a heading. Remember that you are reading to find out the main idea of the paragraph. Concentrate on the main idea or focus of the paragraph and try not to be distracted by details or by unfamiliar vocabulary.

Step 4: Choose the heading from the list which best sums up the main point of the paragraph you have just read. If you can抰 choose between two headings, go on to the next paragraph ?you can come back to that question later. But don抰 forget to make a choice before the end of the test because if you leave a blank or you have marked two answers on your answer sheet, you will be graded as incorrect for that question.

雅思阅读文章 如何把握精读要点

篇3：雅思阅读文章如何把握精读要点

雅思阅读文章如何把握精读要点

生词背过一遍后，再读一遍文章。文章中的每句话每个段落读懂记住，记不住的可以在单词后面标记1，重点记忆;再读的时候，记不住可以标2，标3;这样反复记忆。有些单词就是和我们的记忆犯怵，需要反复标注重复记。

有的同学做精读时，甚至有单词标12、13，几个单词翻来覆去记不住。这样只有重复，不断的重复看那句话，那些句子。直到自己再一次读文章能想起来词汇的意思，标注的数字13就可以划掉，下次再想起来，划掉12,11，一次划掉一个数字…通过这样第二次的阅读，词汇就积累下来。

还有另一种可能，句子中的词汇全都认识，但依然读不懂整个句子。这样的同学问题在语法上。可以把句子抄在本上分析句型，看语法点，找出自己的问题。抄几个句子后不难发现，句子和句子之间都是相通的，结构一样，自己可能就卡在某一个语法点上不熟悉。把句型弄清楚了，句子就明白了。

第三种可能，文章中单词都认识，句型也明白，但还是整句意思读不懂。这就可能是“熟词僻意”。就是某个词同学们以为自己认识，其实不然。

比如medical complaint 很多同学将两个词分开翻译，联系起来翻译为医疗。但其实，这个词是内科疾病。比如，international relief 是国际救援。

雅思阅读陷入低分不能自拔三大原因

一 阅读方法不科学，不熟悉英语的学术阅读。

雅思阅读基本以科普学术类文章为主，剑桥官方明确地在雅思网站上说明：雅思阅读考的是学术场景下的阅读。然而这种阅读方式是在国内的英语教学中没有强调和专门训练过的。所以，每当我第一节课问学生都是怎么阅读的时候，学生不然很懵，不知道该怎么回答，不然就告诉我说就是从前往后干读，能读懂多少完全随缘。

而当询问skimming和scanning时，这些同学不知道什么叫做Skimming for gist(快速浏览把握文章主旨)和Scan for details(快速扫描特定细节)的阅读方式，也不明白怎样去区分事实(facts)和主观论点(opinions)，更不要说什么句子之间关系，和段落之间关系了。

这些阅读技能和策略(Reading Strategies)的缺乏导致学生在阅读的时候分不清主旨和细节，无法做到细读和略读。所以不能灵活调整阅读速度，只能看见个别细节而不能把握它们之间的逻辑关系，导致有时候对文章意思断章取义，意思理解偏差。所以他们在阅读里只能解出那些针对个别细节的小题目，对阅读技能要求比较高的题型，比如List of Headings(段标题，考察文章线索结构和把握段落章主题的能力)，matching information(段落信息点匹配题，考察对文章细节的把握)和True / False not Given题(判断题，考察观点与事实、主观与客观的区别以及作者态度等)，就明显力不从心。

然而在雅思阅读考试中，headings和matching information的考察变得越来越频繁，而判断题又是必考题型，占分比例大，导致学生失分。

二 只重技巧， 而忽略阅读实力的培养。

很多学生往往是在已经拿到Conditional offer的情况准备应考，才来报名上课，想尽快出分然后在Deadline之前提交合格的雅思成绩。所以一部分学生抱着“一夜暴富”的投机思想来上课，觉得把老师教的技巧方法都掌握了，语法一般，不用太费力地去背单词，自己也可以进军高分军团。一般这些“技巧”很好掌握，一学就会，一开始在学生还不熟悉雅思阅读的情况下似乎显得很有效——做第一套得3分，了解技巧后再做马上就升到4或5分。实际上并不是这些阅读技巧有多少神奇之处，只是由陌生到熟悉以后自然的提高，然而同学们还是对此深信不疑。

所以当题目难度变大，题目出题方式多变时，学生往往会发现自己力不从心。明明方法都会，技巧也明白，但就是不知道句子或单词意思，导致走上全靠人品蒙的道路。

所以，只凭技巧(Skills)没有实力(Competence)是不可能有长久的效果的。事实也证明：在技巧发挥到了极致，学生的分数上升也可能就到了头。同时，在这一点上，我指得阅读实力不只是要提高词汇和语法能力，同时也是好的做题习惯。有些学生当把题型做熟悉之后，就忽略了读题目要求的重要性。比如题目要求写 YES，学生却写的是TRUE/FALSE;又或是明明题目中说ONLY ONE WORD，学生却还在空里写两个单词;又或是拿到文章直接做题，压根忽略都文章标题的重要性，导致在不同题型中不必要的失分。

三 迷信网上各种经验帖，忽略适合自己的才是最好的。

雅思考试对很多烤鸭们来说，算是一个耗时、耗力又耗财的考试了。考试能不能出分，能不能一次就过的压力导致一些同学仓促考试、匆忙准备，结果就是第一次考试大多都没过关。在第一次失利后，Deadline的压力又迫使他们马上去报名，有些学生甚至会连报几场，导致每次考试间隔太短，还没怎么复习，又要上考场，结果分数没有质的变化，学生就陷入了再报名再考的循环中。

诚然，不是每位烤鸭都陷入这种循环不能自拔，但这样的学生实际上不在少数。因此，导致学生的学习计划完全是考试型的，而没有真正积累型的学习。把上次已经证明失败的做法简单重复一遍而没有总结经验教训，也没有提高和改进，这又有什么意义呢?

还有一些学生在备考过程中会看一大堆经验帖，看完如打了鸡血一样，感觉自己也能有在X.X天做到提高x分的能力。看别人是如何备考固然没有问题，可是要筛选的看，选择适合自己的才是最重要的。

记得有一次学生问我说，阅读背单词是不是没什么大的作用，他看有个考生没怎么背单词，只是把方法都掌握了，阅读就考了个 7.5。我一看那篇帖子人家上来就介绍自己说高考 140+，大学四六级全过，六级 500+。而我的学生呢，大学四级考了几次都没过，当年的高考英语成绩也是刚过及格线。所以两个人显然不在一个量级，词汇量就没有可比性，人家不用怎么大量积累单词，你真的也不用吗?

还有学生看网上说把真题刷三遍，肯定7+，他在上我第一节课的时候，告诉我他把真题已经刷了三遍，甚至好多答案都背过了，但去考试居然是5。然后我一测他的词汇，很多单词都不认识，句子翻译也是乱七八糟，对于什么文章结构或句子关系也不理解，原来人家考7+并不只是纯做题，还有精读和积累在里面，可我学生就实打实的做了个“标题党“。

所以，在学习阅读的过程中，要慢慢寻找适合自己的备考方法，其他人的方法并不会100%地适用在另一个人身上，要明确自己的优势和劣势，从而对症下药，而不是急功近利。阅读是最需要积累的一项语言能力，词汇、句法乃至常见文章写法、思路，没有一段时间循序渐进的积累和能力的提升，阅读的能力——Competence就不会有实质的提高。

针对这三大问题，我在教学中的解决办法如下：

针对第一个问题，我不论高分还是低分段学生，都会让他们从刚开始上课就明确skimming和scanning的意思，在不同题型训练中反复练习两大概念，慢慢带领学生分析句子之间关系，明确什么是主次。

对于基础段学生，我重点引导学生理清句子之间关系，让学生明确四大逻辑关系(转折、比较、并列、因果)在填空题和判断题两大题型中的应用;而对于冲刺段/高分段学生，我还会加强文章框架讲解，和段落之间的脉络分析，旨在让学生能攻破headings这类考察主旨的题，同时文章框架的熟悉也会帮助学生在找细节类题的时候速度更快。

针对第二个问题，我一般会在第一节课明确我对技巧的看法，端正学生学习态度。技巧只能锦上添花，不能雪中送碳，这也是为什么我在课堂中尽量避免说“技巧”两个字。

因为我发现，每当我提到这是个“技巧”的时候，学生眼睛都亮了，更有些极端的学生，平时不爱记笔记，一听有技巧立马拿出笔和纸开始认真记录。所以我现在上课，一般会把技巧讲解融会贯通到题目分析中，然后让学生来总结“技巧点”。对于做题习惯，在每个题型复习课上，我一般都会让学生自己复习一遍注意点;并在每次课堂练习中，我会观察学生做题方法及顺序，帮助学生逐渐养成良好的做题习惯，所谓之道理谁都懂，实践起来就千差万别了。

针对第三个问题，我一般会在第一节课和学生简单交谈，了解学生目前问题和需求，以制定出适合学生学习方案。

对于阅读来说，一般按照题型讲解，对于基础薄弱的学生，我会增加句子分析的讲解，要求学生每节课后都要进行句子主干分析，并在题型上从细节题出发进行讲解;而对于高分段学生，我会重点讲解配对题，强化文章逻辑概念讲解，让学生先对文章有宏观的认知之后，再讲解细节类题，比如填空;同时，在词汇上，我会更重视学生对同义替换的理解以及做题举一反三的能力。

雅思阅读技巧：猜词义

一、利用上下文线索猜测词义

1.根据同义、反义关系猜词

Today’s teenagers seem to be more liberal in their ideas than their _______ grandparents.

A. freethinking

B. traditional

C. old

D. happy

traditional与liberal意思相反，故选B。

2.根据句意或段落文章的上、下文猜测词义。

Klebold and Harris felt _______ and wanted to revenge against those who disliked playing

together with them or laughed at them.

A. discouraged

B. ashamed

C. tired

D. separated

根据下文的disliked playing together with them判断此处应为“感到孤立”，故选D。

篇4：如何进行雅思精读

雅思精读，你真的知道该怎样做么

近日有学生向我反映：“老师，我发现最近练了十篇左右的精读之后，阅读速度和做题速度提高了不少。”我告诉她，“阅读技巧只是锦上添花，精读才是真正的雪中送炭。”其实无论是英文、中文还是其他语言，只有靠阅读量的日积月累，才能真正的提高阅读能力。那么，精读有什么方法，怎样做才能提高精读效率呢?

精读是需要慢工出细活的，将地道的雅思文章分析到位，不仅提高了自己的词汇量和长句分析能力，更对自己写作的布局谋篇也有着显著的辅助作用。下面我们将对如何精读做出详尽的解释。

一、精读时间

精读一定是在按照考试规定时间做完一篇文章或套题并核对完答案之后才可进行的工作。

二、精读必备物品

纸质版剑桥教材、铅笔、荧光笔、笔记本。

三、精读内容之——词

对于很多同学来说，雅思文章中的生词是心中永远的痛。大家可将句子中不认识的词，用荧光笔在原文中勾画出，同时在生词旁边标上序号，按照1、2、3顺次排列下去。

在借助字典或电子词典查阅生词之前我们需要做如下工作：

1. 判断是否可以通过上下文的时态、逻辑关系或词根、词缀猜测出生词的意思;

2. 如果不认识这个词，是否会严重影响对整个句子意思的把握——如果会影响对整个句子意思的把握，那么这个词一定要认识;但如果不影响理解句意，那可根据自己的时间安排选择是否识别记忆该单词。

在考试中，我们是没有任何外部工具用来查找单词的。因此这两个步骤不仅可以帮助我们在实践中练习和掌握猜词的方法和节奏，还可以缓和对于生词的恐惧心理。

四、精读内容之——句

对于很多考生来说，雅思阅读的句子不仅生词多而且长度也很壮观，经常搞不清楚句子中谁是什么成分、谁在修饰谁，觉得句子很难读懂。其实一切都没有大家想得那么难，对于句子的把握主要是尽力读懂句子主干。雅思阅读对于语法的考查完全不同于高中英语，不是让你在whichin whichwho that中做出选择，所以请化繁为简，读懂句子先从抓句子最简主干开始，就是搞清：谁，做了什么，这就是最简单的主谓结构。在主谓两个成分中，最好寻找的是谓语，因为谓语是由动词组成的。请大家记住谓语的“三姨太”：时态、语态、情态。找到了这三位“姨太”，一个句子的主框架就基本清晰了起来。

五、精读内容之——篇

当词、句被我们逐一攻坚之后，最后的重点就落在了段落、篇章上。当把每一句的意思读懂之后，可以划出段落的主题句，最后纵观文章的全部段落，体会文章的结构。日积月累之后，会渐渐发现并掌握雅思阅读文章结构和段落结构的规律。

例如实验说明型的文章。作者围绕实验展开讨论。先介绍实验目的、条件准备和设置，接着描述实验过程，然后预测结果，随后再揭示真实结果，如果和预测相同，则分析原因;如果和预测不符，分析原因并且进行深一步讨论。

我们用剑五第二篇Nature or Nurture 来举例。首段作者交代实验目的，研究人们是否对leader的指示会无条件遵循;第二段介绍了实验设置——用电击来惩罚犯错学生;下一段是全部实验进程;第四段，预测没人会实施到450伏的电击;第五段，揭示真实结果，超过60%的参与者都实施了450伏电击;后面三段对animal aggression instinct和social environment 这两个原因进行分析;最后一段，作者并未给出结论，只是提出This is the problem of modern sociobiology。

我们通过抓每段的段落主旨，不只是了解了文章的段落布局，更会为我们解决雅思两大超难题型---list of heading &段落信息匹配助一臂之力。

六、精读内容之——题

题目是考生拿分的关键。在精读阶段，我们可以再次细读题目，并将题目翻译出来。然后就是最关键的一步------总结同义替换，即将题目中的词汇与在文章中所对应的替换点全部找出，并记录在笔记本上。

很多学员说精读是一件太劳神的事儿，其实我们没有发现无论在学习中还是在生活中，越是劳神的事儿就越对我们帮助很大吗?刚开始练习精读的学员们不要急于求成，每天精读3-4个自然段即可，慢慢积累。精读的习惯一旦养成，并坚持下去，你会明显感觉到自己的词汇量在上升、自己对句子如何断句的敏感度在提高、自己的阅读速度在迅猛增长，做题的正确率和速度自然也是随之提升。

以上就是精读的一些方法和技巧，希望对备战雅思的你有帮助，新东方祝大家考试顺利，梦想成真。

雅思阅读：四步搞定选词类Summary考题

先来看一个雅思阅读中的经典题目。

标题：GREYING POPULATION STAYS IN THE PINK

题型分布：选词summary--句子配对题(题型种类少，填空题目多达9题，可以按照本题顺序做)

解题步骤：

一、审题

(1) 题目提醒(无提示考察哪些段落)

(2) 小标题(无小标题提示考察内容)

(3) 题型顺序(首个题型，数目多，按照首段顺序读)

二、解题

(1) 选项词性/褒贬分组

选项词性既有名词，又有形容词，更有doing结构。而且，有两组反义词falling、 increasing，earlier、 later，可分别为同一空的备用选项。

(2) 预判

对于Q14的词性及色彩预判难点在于判断首个空前is的真正主语是谁。这里涉及到长难句分析，采用括号法将句子中的修饰成分去掉，我们抽出的句子主干如下：Research ( carried out by scientists in the United States ) has shown that the proportion ( of people over 65 suffering from the most common age-related medical problems ) is ______ 这里面我们总结出一个修饰结构sth./sb. + ( doing sth. / done by sth. / 介词+名词)，括号内的部分都是修饰性结构，我们真正关注的是这些结构前面的名词。去掉括号内的结构后，我们发现我们要的答案其实在这样一个结构中 proportion is _________ 。能力比较强的同学其实还会发现14、15、16空含有并列结构 and和also，句子色彩是保持一致的。

(3) 定位

第一句话题干中有United States和65作为显性定位词，而且从首段读开始读符合常理。通过预判寻找proportion 或其替换词。原文第2段含有结构 smaller proportion满足了要求，其他部分也与刚刚划出的括号内的结构有对应。

(4) 解题

Q14中词库中falling 对 smaller 做了替换，即为答案，反映出老年人患病人口减少的情况。Q15与之用and并列，表示这种speed如何，根据并列结构‘结构相同，色彩一致’的原则，选increasing 问题不大。原文中rate 与speed 对应，rate (at which these diseases are declining )continues to accelerate. 注意括号法的使用，即使考鸭们不熟悉accelerate(加速),根据 continue 代表动作的持续加之与前面内容色彩一致,increasing依旧为答案。Q16通过than的出现判断此空为比较级，earlier, later, more都符合，题目中 be donging及in the past 的出现表明在进行今昔对比。根据色彩一致性，疾病应该对老年人影响越来越晚为好。文章中第3段最后一句通过数据比较给出了答案即later。

Q17、Q18中间用到了but衔接，难度并不大，答案依次为M 、J。需要指出的是Q19 Q20同样适用了并列结构，尤其是Q19答案词性并不是常见的to do 结构。根据我刚刚提到的并列的两部分‘结构相同’的原则，可知Q19为与changes并列的名词。Q19 Q20 答案依次为N 、K。而需要指出的是Q21不少考鸭容易误选independent, 是因为忽视了reduction 这种表示色彩正负的关键词的提示，原文与之对应的为第7段的drop。所以，会顺利选出G。最后，Q22所在句子本身定位不明显，但有明显的比较级less做定位，回到原文第7段尾句，我们找到了答案financial burden 替换为cost。

总结:

题目的本身解析如上，但我们更希望做到举一反三，为各位考鸭总结出本题涉及到的两个主要考点并列关系及比较结构(涉及到的转折及因果关系以后有机会再作分享)。

1. 并列

1)and, or, as well as, not only ... but (also)... , both ... and ... , either ... or ... , neither ... nor ...

2)also, as well, too

3)in addition to ... , apart from ...

4)one ... another... , some ... others ...

5)多逗号结构

6)分号并列结构

2. 比较

1)比较级 -er, more, less

2)数据比较

3)词汇

A. increase, rise, grow, climb, go up, soar, surge, improve

B. decrease, fall, drop, dip, decline, plunge, lessen, reduce (reduction), cut

C. the same as, be similar to, as ... as

雅思阅读全真练习系列：Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the Treaty

Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the Treaty

A. After a period of introversion and stunned self-disbelief, continental European governments will recover their enthusiasm for pan-European institution-building in . Whether the European public will welcome a return to what voters in two countries had rejected so short a time before is another matter.

B. There are several reasons for Europe’s recovering self-confidence. For years European economies had been lagging dismally behind America (to say nothing of Asia), but in the large continental economies had one of their best years for a decade, briefly outstripping America in terms of growth. Since politics often reacts to economic change with a lag, 2006’s improvement in economic growth will have its impact in 2007, though the recovery may be ebbing by then.

C. The coming year also marks a particular point in a political cycle so regular that it almost seems to amount to a natural law. Every four or five years, European countries take a large stride towards further integration by signing a new treaty: the Maastricht treaty in 1992, the Treaty of Amsterdam in , the Treaty of Nice in . And in they were supposed to ratify a European constitution, laying the ground for yet more integration—until the calm rhythm was rudely shattered by French and Dutch voters. But the political impetus to sign something every four or five years has only been interrupted, not immobilised, by this setback.

D. In 2007 the European Union marks the 50th anniversary of another treaty—the Treaty of Rome, its founding charter. Government leaders have already agreed to celebrate it ceremoniously, restating their commitment to “ever closer union” and the basic ideals of European unity. By itself, and in normal circumstances, the EU’s 50th-birthday greeting to itself would be fairly meaningless, a routine expression of European good fellowship. But it does not take a Machiavelli to spot that once governments have signed the declaration (and it seems unlikely anyone would be so uncollegiate as to veto it) they will already be halfway towards committing themselves to a new treaty. All that will be necessary will be to incorporate the 50th-anniversary declaration into a new treaty containing a number of institutional and other reforms extracted from the failed attempt at constitution-building and—hey presto—a new quasi-constitution will be ready.

E. According to the German government—which holds the EU’s agenda-setting presidency during the first half of 2007—there will be a new draft of a slimmed-down constitution ready by the middle of the year, perhaps to put to voters, perhaps not. There would then be a couple of years in which it will be discussed, approved by parliaments and, perhaps, put to voters if that is deemed unavoidable. Then, according to bureaucratic planners in Brussels and Berlin, blithely ignoring the possibility of public rejection, the whole thing will be signed, sealed and a new constitution delivered in -10. Europe will be nicely back on schedule. Its four-to-five-year cycle of integration will have missed only one beat.

F. The resurrection of the European constitution will be made more likely in 2007 because of what is happening in national capitals. The European Union is not really an autonomous organisation. If it functions, it is because the leaders of the big continental countries want it to, reckoning that an active European policy will help them get done what they want to do in their own countries.

G. That did not happen in 2005-06. Defensive, cynical and self-destructive, the leaders of the three largest euro-zone countries—France, Italy and Germany—were stumbling towards their unlamented ends. They saw no reason to pursue any sort of European policy and the EU, as a result, barely functioned. But by the middle of 2007 all three will have gone, and this fact alone will transform the European political landscape.

H. The upshot is that the politics of the three large continental countries, bureaucratic momentum and the economics of recovery will all be aligned to give a push towards integration in 2007. That does not mean the momentum will be irresistible or even popular. The British government, for one, will almost certainly not want to go with the flow, beginning yet another chapter in the long history of confrontation between Britain and the rest of Europe. More important, the voters will want a say. They rejected the constitution in 2005. It would be foolish to assume they will accept it after 2007 just as a result of an artful bit of tinkering.

Questions 1-6 Do the following statemets reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?

Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.

TRUE if the statemenht reflets the claims of the writer

FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is possbile to say what the writer thinks about this

1.After years’ introspection and mistrust, continental European governments will resurrect their enthusiasm for more integration in 2007.

2. The European consitution was officially approved in 2005 in spite of the oppositon of French and Dutch voters.

3. The Treaty of Rome , which is considered as the fundamental charter of the European Union, was signed in 1957.

4.It is very unlikely that European countries will sign the declaration at the 50th anniversary of the Treaty of Rome.

5.French government will hold the EU’s presidency and lay down the agenda during the first half of .

6.For a long time in hisotry, there has been confrontation between Britain and the rest of European countries.

Questions 7-10 Complet the following sentencces.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from Reading Passage 1 for each answer.

Write your answer in Boxes 7-10 on your answer sheet.

7. Every four or five years, European countries tend to make a rapid progress towards ___________________by signing a new treaty.

8. The European constitution is supposed to ______________________for yet more integration of European Union member countries.

9. The bureaucratic planners in Brussels and Berlin rashly ignore the possibility of __________________and think the new consitution will be delivered in 2009-10.

10. The politics of the three large continental countries, __________________ and the economic recovery will join together to urge the integration in 2007.

Questions 11-14 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.

11. Which of the following statemnts is true of Euopean economic development.

A. The economy of Europe developed much faster than that of Asia before 2006.

B. The growth of European economy was slightly slower than that of America in 2006.

C. The development of European economy are likely to slow down by 2007.

D. The recovery of European economy may be considerably accelerated by 2007.

12. The word “immobilised” in the last line of Section C means ___________.

A. stopped completely.

B. pushed strongly.

C. motivated wholely.

D. impeded totally.

13. Which of the following statements about the treaties in European countries is NOT TRUE.

A. The Maastricht Treaty was signed in 1992.

B. The Treaty of Amsterdan was signed in 1997.

C. The Treaty of Nice was signed in 2001.

D. The Treaty of Rome was signed in 2007.

14. The European constitution failed to be ratified in 2005--2006, because

A. The leaders of France, Italy and Germany were defensive, cynical and self-destructuve..

B. The voters in two countries of the Union --France and Holland rejected the constitution.

C. The leaders of the EU thought that it was unneccessary to pursue any European policy.

D. France, Italy and Germany are the three largest and most influential euro-zone countries.

Notes to the Reading Passage

1. pan-Enropean

pan-: 前缀：全，总，泛

pan-African 全/泛非洲的(运动)

pan-Enropean全/泛欧的(机构建设)

2. outstrip

超越，胜过，超过，优于

Material development outstripped human development”“物质的发展超过了人类的进步”

3. ebb

回落跌落;衰退或消减

The tide is on the ebb.正在退潮。

4. Machiavelli

马基雅维利，尼克尔1469-1527意大利政治理论家，他的著作君主论(15)阐述了一个意志坚定的统治者不顾道德观念的约束如何获得并保持其权力。

文章中意为“任何一个人都可以看到，显而易见。。。”。

5. hey presto

突然地;立即(魔术师用语)您看，变!

6. upshot

结果;结局

篇5：雅思阅读文章类型简介

第一部分：雅思阅读简介

雅思阅读考试分学术类和培训类两种，分别针对申请留学的学生和计划在英语语言国家参加工作或移民的人士。三篇文章40道题目总共用时60分钟，包括将答案誊写到答题卡上的时间。

学术类(A类)阅读考试形式：IELTS考试阅读(学术类)部分共有三篇文章，考生需要回答40道题目。每一篇文章所需要回答的问题数量并不相同。每一道问题相对应一个分数。文章内容和题目均出现于问卷中。

培训类(G类)阅读考试形式：IELTS 考试阅读(培训类)部分共有三部分，文章难度由浅至深，考生需要回答40道题目。第一部分有14道题目，通常包含2到3篇短文或者若干段文字(如广告 等)。第二和第三部分分别有13道题目。第二部分通常有2篇文章，第三部分则为一段较长的文章。文章内容和题目均出现于问卷中。

第二部分：雅思阅读文章来源

我们都知道，雅思阅读文章多从世界著名的网站杂志报刊中选取，但是了解具体是哪些网站吗?下面就给大家分享一下，大家可以在休闲的时候多浏览一下上面的文章，对大家雅思阅读备考非常有帮助。

一、 雅思阅读A类的文章大部分选自国外人文类、经济类和科学类的知名报纸、杂志或各政府、组织的研究报告。例如：

1. New Scientist 这本杂志被用到的频率最高，如剑四中的Lost for Words, Play is a Serious Business，剑五中的What’s So Funny?, Flawed Beauty: the Problem with Toughened Glass，和剑六中的多篇文章 Australia’s Sporting Success, Climate Change and the Inuit, Graying Population Stays in the Pink, Do Literate Women Make Better Mothers?

2. The Economist 列居其次，如剑五中的The Truth about the Environment, 剑六中的Delivering the Goods

3. 还有American Scientist和Scientific American这两个主要的美国学术期刊，例如剑五的Disappearing Delta和剑六的The Search for Anti-aging Pills

4. 当然还有National Geographic。但是值得注意的是，因为这是休闲杂志，所以只作为了G类的阅读，如剑六中的Pterosaurs

除了以上提到的若干来源之外，雅思A类的阅读文章还出自Nature, Discover, Time (Europe), Boston Global, History Today等其余期刊或杂志。至于是哪次考试的哪篇文章，由于敏感原因在这里就不在透露。

二、 G类的阅读中前两部分通常是实用性强的功能性短文，如菜单、产品说明、通知、住宿安排和广告等，非常贴近西方的实际生活。这就要求考生们争取每天阅读一定 量的原版英文报刊、书籍，如time、reader’s digest等,尤其注意其中的各种各样的广告。并非要读懂每一个字，或完全理解，只要能理解其中大至含义既可。

了解这些雅思文章出处之后对于广大考生平时进行泛读训练具有很好的指导作用。考生可以从以上杂志期刊的官方网站上搜索到相关背景文章进行有针对性的阅读训练。

篇6：雅思阅读文章类型简介

雅思阅读难备考，可能是因为文章的专业性。毕竟大多数同学平时都不太会深入了解一些自然类科技类医学类……相关领域的最新知识。因为背景知识的 缺乏，很多考生花费大量时间来理解文章，而导致做题时间紧张。所以，烤鸭们在平常的备考中要对一些不熟悉的领域涉猎一下，增强自己的背景知识理解能力。

雅思阅读文章分类如下：

1. 关于欧洲及世界社会发展，经济状况，科学动向以及文化交流的文章

自1995年雅思考试的题型做出重大改革以后，有两条原则就被命题的剑桥大学考试委员会(UCLES)反复强调非专业原则和国际化原则。为了使 不同地域，不同政治经济体制，不同肤色，不同文化背景的人能平等且毫无理解困难地参与雅思,法律及专业性较强的医学，生物学，哲学，文学，艺术等的文章已 经不再作为雅思的考查范围。

就可能涉猎的文章类型而言，以下几个方面的内容经常作为考点出现：

世界范围的就业状况

语言学，考古学，生物学，简单医学(单词量不会影响对文章的理解)

世界范围内的教育状况，经济发展的问题，机遇及挑战(粮食，能源)

女权注意及女性歧视问题

环境保护(海洋，生物，陆地，森林等)及环境污染(化学，石油泄漏等)

种族，民族问题

人口爆炸及居住问题，城市化及相关问题(交通拥挤，设施缺乏，噪声等)

2. 关于地球，自然界的科学现象及地理现象的文章

这种文章类型在I中最为普遍，其涵盖面之广无从细分，但就最近一年以来考试文章分析，主要还是以下几种类型：

太空，宇宙概况，以及外星生物探讨等

全球气候变暖，厄尔尼诺，洋流异常，臭氧层破坏

地球灾难，火山爆发，地震，彗星撞地球，森林大火，生物灭绝

3. 人类历史发展中重要事件，重要人物及重要标志性产品

这也是雅思中经常出现的一种重要的文章类型，但自开始对重要人物的考查总是和重要事件交织在一起，不再单独罗列。人类历史上的重大发明和表明人类文明辉煌成就的重大事件也是重点考查内容(发明电视，电影，计算机及登陆月球)。

第四部分：雅思阅读文章结构

雅思阅读的学术性决定了其深度和难度，却也限制了文章的结构、使其必须符合一定的学术规范。学术性文章的写作对象可以天南海北、作者观点可以光 怪陆离，但是行文论证必须规范严密，所以雅思阅读的层次结构相对固定。就目前出版的十本剑桥雅思系列而言，学术类阅读大致可分为两类：说明文和议论文。其 中，说明文从客观的角度介绍或陈述一个既定的事实，议论文则通常针对某个特定的问题进行分析和论证，有时一并提出解决的方案。

雅思阅读怎么评分

IELTS阅读评分标准(A类)，雅思阅读答对问题数和最后分数之间的对应关系

Number of correct Reading answers IELTS band score

39-40 9.0

37-38 8.5

35-36 8.0

33-34 7.5

30-32 7.0

27-29 6.5

23-26 6.0

20-22 5.5

16-19 5.0

13-15 4.5

10-12 4.0

6-9 3.5

4-5 3.0

3 2.5

2 2.0

1 1.0

absent 0.0

那么，雅思阅读满分9分到底是什么样的英语水准呢?被认为雅思分数中申请英联邦学校及格线的6分又是一个怎样的水准呢?我们一起来看一下。

雅思9分阅读水准

该分数段的考生通常能够轻松阅读各种内容复杂且信息量大的事实类和论述类文本。能就通用类、专业性的和技术性的广泛话题，自如地运用广博的词汇

知识建构意义，其理解可从句子到通篇文章。能够非常顺畅地理解复杂的论证，区分主旨和支撑细节，理解态度、观点和隐含意义。能够熟练地选择和运

用包括略读和浏览在内的策略，顺利理解各种文本。

雅思6分阅读水准

该分数段的考生通常可以阅读各种事实类和论述类文本，该类文本内容可能相对复杂且信息量相对较大。能就通用类的诸多话题和部分专业性话题，较好

地运用词汇知识建构意义，其理解可在句子和句群层面实现。能够理解隐含意义，也能基本理解相对复杂的观点和论点。通常能够运用略读和浏览等策

略，并能大体上综合信息和进行推断。

雅思阅读一题多少分

雅思阅读试卷包括 40 题，每答对一题得一分。满分的原始分均为 40 分，然后会换算成 1-9 分的等级分。雅思阅读考试的评分标准是：每个正确答案得一分.如果按 9 分制进行计算的话，错 10 个，可以得到 7 分。另外需要注意的是填空题书写答案必须清晰，字迹难以辨认的会被计为错误答案;须遵循指令中的次数限制，否则将自动被计为错误答案。

雅思阅读(General Traning和Academic试卷不同)

概况： 60分钟 共3篇文章 每篇约1000左右(阅读量极大) 40个题目

Academic类与General training类的考题都以“三大段”的文章为基本结构，大约1500-3000字之间，内容多样，甚至有时以图表、表格的方式出现，学生答题的方式亦有多种答题形式，共40题.

阅读部分的主题并不是为了考察学生对学术的专业度或认知度，所以学生千万别因对主题的陌生而紧张起来。

A类与G类内容相同之处在于A类除生活化范畴之外，加入考生在学业上、学术上的探讨与了解，而G类较着重于社会上的、生活化的、工作训练等的主题。

学术类阅读

学术类雅思考试的阅读测试共有3篇文章，考生需要回答40道题目。每一篇文章所需要回答的问题数量不同。每一道问题相对应1分。

阅读考试中的文章来源于诸如杂志、期刊、书籍和报纸等途径，经改写而成。除了文字，文章还包括了图表、曲线图、画图等非文字内容，以记叙文、说明文或者议论文等文体表现出来。文章的内容包含即将学习本科、研究生课程或进行职业注册的考生所感兴趣的、与其认知程度相符的常见话题。其中，至少一篇文章会出现详尽的论述形式。所有文章总计长度约在到2750词之间。

培训类阅读

培训类雅思考试阅读共3部分，难度由浅而深，共40道题。其中第一部分有14道题目，第二和第三部分分别有13道题目。第一部分通常包含2到3篇短文或者若干段文字，内容选自通知、广告、时间表、宣传品、以及其它的类似来源;第二部分通常有2篇文章，内容选自大学招生简章、课程介绍、大学课程介绍、图书馆指引、规定、以及其它的类似来源;第三部分则为一段较长的文章，内容选自报纸、杂志、期刊、小说或非虚构的书籍、以及其它的类似来源。

雅思阅读提高成绩的方法

首先，是怎样提高自己英语阅读的基本能力。而这样的能力又主要分为两个层次：词汇的掌握和读句子的能力。阅读基本能力的提升，需要至少2个月的时间，通过给学生专业化的方案指导，将课堂上的学习和课堂后的复习相结合，让其在一个合理的时间规划期内去提升自己的基础能力，达到一个最佳的效果。这也是对于老师在教学中要求一直秉持的原则，忌急于求成，囫囵吞枣。

那么怎么去做基础能力提升呢?对于大部分学生而言，词汇的把握是核心。第一、同学们必须去把握阅读部分的高频词，这些词汇是所有同学都必须认真记忆的，据最新权威数据统计，大概在1000个单词左右;第二、同学们需要掌握好一些近义词或同义词词组，雅思的阅读部分考查就是看同学们对同义词替换的一个把握，这些词组的掌握是同学们获得高分的基础。金环老师指出，在一些培训课上，授课老师会定期抽查同学们对于这2个词汇库的掌握，督促同学们做好词汇的记忆工作。未参加培训的同学不妨可以效仿这样的模式，给自己一些压力和期限，认真做好最基本词汇与词组的积累。

解决雅思阅读的第二方面，就是要掌握好雅思阅读部分解题的关键性技巧。雅思阅读部分共有3篇文章，每篇1000词左右，有40道题目要回答，时间是一小时。如果没有对考试题型有透彻理解，那么很难在这么紧张的时间里去做好题目。因此一定要按照不同考题的特点和对应的能力要求，有的放矢的去准备以及应对。只有把方法以及怎样灵活运用这些方法弄懂，学生们才能真正地掌握好、正确使用、自信满满地考取高分。

篇7：雅思阅读文章看不懂怎么办

雅思阅读文章看不懂怎么办

文：Day length is an excellent cue, because it provides a perfectly predictable pattern of change within the year. In the temperate zone in spring, temperatures fluctuate greatly from day to day, but day length increases steadily by a predictable amount.

题：Day length is a useful cue for breeding in areas where___ are unpredictable.

解析：

1. 首先划题中定位词

定位词分为 显性定位 和 隐性定位。

显性定位：指专有名词，如人称，地名，数字，术语词等比较明显的能在文中找到定位的。

隐性定位------通常划名词n

我们这题中没有显性定位，所以就划隐性定位名词：day length, cue, area.

2. 确定雅思阅读空格填的词性词形：空格是做主语，所以应该是n词，空格后面是are，所以应是n词复数形式

3. 到文中定位，day length和cue在文中以原词出现，areas-----zone相对应，所以确定题目就在这句话当中，

4. 确定空格答案。在文中这句话里找一个名词复数，然后能够锁定temperatures，唯一的一个复数名词。所以答案就是temperatures。

PS：看不懂单词意思仍然能把题做出来。如果能认识单词的话可以验证答案是不是正确的，这时候就得知道unpredictable(不可预测)和fluctuate greatly(波动很大)是同义替换的。

文：There is a wide range of photosynthetic responses of plants to variations in light intensity. Some plants reach maximal photosynthesis at one-quarter full sunlight, and others, like sugarcane, never reach a maximum

题：There is no limit to the photosynthetic rate in plants such as___

解析：

1. 雅思阅读题目中定位词：否定no，术语词photosynthetic rate，空格前表示举例such as

2. 雅思阅读确定空格填的词性词形：名词，在文中表示举例的词后面

3. 到文中定位：photosynthetic----photosynthetic对应，no----never对应，such as---like对应，4. 确定答案：答案在举例的后面，那就是sugarcane。

PS：

(1)否定词需要划，题中出现否定原文通常会有相对应的否定。

(2)题中出现举例原文通常也会有举例的对应。而表示举例的词汇：such as, like, for example, for instance. 到原文中找到同义替换就能找到答案。

以上的两个题目都是剑桥C5T4P3中的完成句子题，同学们可以具体去做做那七个填空题，范围广是全篇范围，生词相对也多，但是不理解按照上面叙述的定位、词性、词形以及简单的同义替换方法也是能够把题目做出来的。

雅思阅读中如何定位到答案相关的段落

能不能定位到段落，很大一部分程度在于，能不能清楚的记住段落的大概内容，以及在说什么样的主旨关系。

很多同学读完以后，脑子会一片空白;有很多同学读完一个段落之后，会回想起段落的逻辑关系。其实，两者之间并不是记忆力的区别，而是那些更聪明、或是说更有效率的同学，找到了段落之间的逻辑关系，能够很清楚的记录下它到底再说什么东西。

比如在说一些很拗口的绕口令的时候，比如“扁担宽板凳长”，我们能够很清楚的想起来它到底在说什么，因为我们知道它的一个关系就是这样子，而且它有本身的韵律在，我们把这个韵律，以及它的逻辑关系赋予上去之后，能很清楚的记录下它到底在说什么。

其实英文的雅思阅读段落也是一样，当理顺这种逻辑关系之后，比如说转折、递进、对比、并列以及总分总，就能清楚地回想起它的内容。

请大家之后在阅读文章的时候，尝试把段落的关系理顺、理清楚，那么你对记忆的这个段落，也就不会存在太大的问题了。

雅思阅读判断题不会做怎么办

1.题目看不懂

如果说雅思是一条长路，那么基础词汇量就是路上的基石，有时候在是非无题中的生僻单词或不常见的统一替换会导致烤鸭们理解困难而造成失分，例子看这里：

剑4 Test4 Passage2，18题

Archaeology is a more demanding field of study than anthropology.

让你判断是非无，那么我们很容易发现定位词是Archaeology和 anthropology，考点词为demanding，在这句话中，demanding表示的是更费精力的，更耗时的，如果不知道这个含义，可能就对解题有一些干扰。

我们找到原文为文章第四段后一句：

anthropology is thus a broad discipline - so broad that it is generally broken down into three smaller discipline; physical anthropology， cultural anthropology and archaeology.

如果烤鸭们将demanding理解成广大，则很容易选择错误答案true，但是因为demanding是费事费力的意思，而原文并没有对工作难度的比较，所以应该是not given.

2.题目定位词判断难

当题目很长且从句复杂的话，那么因为句子结构的问题，烤鸭们可能会找错定位词，从而引起判断错误，我们来看例子：

剑4 Test1 Passage1 ， 5题

The study involved asking children a number of yes/ no questions such as Are there any rainforests in Africa?

这句话虽然并不算长，但是有一个超级的干扰词组就是 Are there any rainforests in Africa?因为烤鸭们往往一看到大写词组就觉得热血沸腾，实际上还是要看句子的核心意思，这句话实际问的是研究重点包含什么，所以定位词应该是the study，

原文如下：

the study surveys...secondary school students were asked to complete a questionnaire containing five open-form questions

答案应该是False，烤鸭们一要关注句子的核心含义，二可以试试看多定位词，来帮助自己理解。

3.文中定位词找不到

这种情况其实环球君以前和大家分析过，就是定位词在文中发生了改变，

1)可能是在文中的顺序发生了改变

2)定位词被进行了分解和解释，同义替换干扰较大，难以发现

这里我们直接看例子：

剑8 Test1 Passage2 24题

class F airspace is airspace which is below 365m and not near airports.

定位词为

class F airspace，

below 365m，

not near airports

class F在文中的G段出现了，但是如果想要顺利完成这题，我们还要看到E段中的In general,from 365m above the ground and higher,the entire country is blanketed by controlled airspace ...， controlled airspace extends ...in the immediate vicinity of an airport...

所以我们可以发现答案应该为true

4.对应句子看不懂

这种情况是大部分烤鸭常见的问题之一，那就是——文中的长句究竟说的是什么意思!小编也觉得心累……所以我们还是来看例子：

剑4 Test 1 Passage 1， 4题

The fact that children's ideas about science form part of a larger framework of ideas means that it is easier to change them.

这道题的定位词为

children’s ideas about science and framework

回到文章第二段，第三行，我们看见：

...but organized， conceptual framework， making it and the component ideas， ...more robust but also accessible to modification

这句话中的more修饰了两个形容词：robust and accessible to modification,不少烤鸭回忽略隐含的比较级选择not given , 实际答案应该为true.

雅思阅读材料大集合：最适合春天吃的美食

New research suggests some foods have the power to guard skin from the damage caused by the sun's UV radiation. While a salad is no substitute for sunblock, these healthy foods could add inner protection against sunburn and wrinkles at the cellular level.

新的研究发现表明某些食物可以帮助肌肤免受阳光紫外线的侵害。但是，一盘沙拉并不能代替防晒霜，这些健康食物可以加强身体内在机能，保护皮肤不受侵害并延缓细胞衰老。

Citrus Fruits 柑橘类水果

Citrus fruits have the potent ingredient limonene, associated with a whopping 34 percent lower risk of skin cancer in one University of Arizona study of 470 women and men.

柑橘类水果含有丰富的柠檬烯。亚利桑那大学对470位女性和男性进行的研究表明，柠檬烯可以将患皮肤癌的风险降低34%

Green tea 绿茶

This delicately flavored tea is full of antioxidants called EGCGs. Among their health-promoting capabilities: EGCGs stopped genetic damage in human skin cells exposed to UV light in one University of Wisconsin study.

绿茶所含有的抗氧化剂叫做茶多酚。威斯康星大学的研究表明茶多酚可以使暴露在紫外线下的肌肤免受基因损害。

Carrots 胡萝卜

Carrots—or any other red, yellow, and orange fruits and vegetables—are packed with carotenoids, and studies show they reduce sunburn intensity.

胡萝卜或者任何红色，黄色及橙色水果和蔬菜都富含类胡萝卜素，研究表明这些果蔬可以降低日晒强度。

Red Peppers 红椒

Like carrots, red peppers are also especially helpful in reducing sunburn intensity.

和红萝卜一样，红椒在降低日晒强度方面有显著效果。

Spinach 菠菜

Leafy greens, like dark green lettuce, spinach, kale, and Swiss chard, are top sources of the antioxidants lutein and zeaxanthin, which halted cell growth prompted by UV light in animal studies.绿叶蔬菜，如绿色莴苣，菠菜，甘蓝菜和唐莴苣均含有非常丰富的抗氧化剂叶黄素和玉米黄素，这些抗氧化剂可以阻止紫外线引起的细胞生长。

Salmon 三文鱼

This fish is a great source of oils rich in omega-3 fatty acids. In a small British study, fish oils guarded against sunburn and DNA changes that can lead to cancer.

三文鱼的鱼油富含丰富的脂肪酸。研究表明鱼油可以预防易引发癌症的晒黑晒伤和DNA改变。

Walnuts 核桃

Like salmon, walnuts are high in essential fatty acids that could guard against sunburn.

和三文鱼一样，核桃也富含有丰富的人体必需脂肪酸，而这类脂肪酸可以抵御晒伤晒黑。

篇8：雅思阅读文章越来越贴近生活

雅思阅读文章越来越贴近生活

我上课的时候经常提到一个观点，这里我想再重复一遍，那就是就目前的状况，单单依靠技巧，雅思要获取6.5以上分数的可能性非常地小。我曾经教过一个学生，做题步骤倒背如流，做起题来也是一套套的理论，什么替换词啊，分析词，关键词啊，平行原则啊，讲得头头是道，可就每次做下来都错很多。后来我帮他分析原因，原来是他文章基本是不看的，就按照他的那一套理论去解题。学习语言切忌不能像学理科那样，妄图发明一个什么模式去套答案，语言现象是复杂灵活的，没有一成不变的模式。那么如此说来，难道我们不可能在短期提高雅思阅读的水平了吗?答案当然是否定。但首先，我们思维一定要转变，不能再像过去那样抱着侥幸心理去做题了，必须扎扎实实的读懂文章了。

剑一和剑六相隔多年，但如果我们比较上面的题目就会发现，尽管题型和文章类别有许多差异，可很难说哪一本上的题更难。剑六基本可以准确地反映当下雅思考试阅读部分出题的趋势。这个趋势就是难度题型的比重增加了，而文章却变得更容易了。剑六上的题就说明了这一点，我们发现无论是文章的长度，题材的深度，用词的难度还是长句的数量都不如以往。文章的长度基本都在1200左右，甚至有几个Section，我们逐字逐句读完再做题，时间也都能控制在20分钟内。特别值得一提的是一篇文章的分段虽然多了，但每个自然段的字数显然少了许多，这样一来，在没有主旨句的情况下，把握段落结构和主题对我们来说就变得更为容易了，做List of Headings题也相对轻松了许多。

文章题材方面，也多为贴近生活的话题，没有很理论的东西，学术气少了很多，这是有利于我们读懂文章的，甚至有时候还能利用我们的常识来猜测一些难词难句要表达的意思。另一个有利于考生的方面是，文章中出现的长句都不是特别复杂，几乎没有发现从句套从句的地方出现，句型虽然多变，但文章风格属于典型的平易文体，句子干净顺畅，用词考究，结构工整，是英文文章的典范，这一方面，我们中国学生倒是可以借鉴一下，看看什么是好英文。而另一方面，一些较难的题型比如段落细节配对题，True， False， Not Given却比以往更频繁地出现了，送分题如图片题表格填空题这两类题型大大减少。段落细节配对题看似是考细节查找的定位的能力，其实是综合考查了考生是否能够把握全文结构，各段主旨以及写作逻辑的思维能力。因为很多时候题干的信息是无法在原文中进行定位的，而且有时给的也并非是细节的内容，而是关于某段某几句的概括，如果不读懂文章，这样的题就无从下手了。至于常靠题像True， False， Not Given也经常会出现不符合顺序原则的情况，这样的话就必须把握文章结构，缩小定位范围，而盲目定位只会更浪费时间。Summary以选词题形式出现的情况也越来越多，而所给出的待选词往往在文中从未出现，但如果我们能理解文中作者所要表达的意思，那么可以说做起来比原来填空式的summary更简单。文章难度下降和题型难度上升两项相抵，可以说雅思阅读的总体难度并没有增加。

还有一点就是现在的题做起来明显发现偏题怪题几乎没有。只要能够看懂文章，准确率就可以保持在很高的一个水准上。那么为什么不少同学还是感到雅思阅读越来越棘手了呢?我想这里主要是一个做题思路的问题。很多人还是怕麻烦，不愿意读文章，而仅仅通过题目来定位原文然后按照替换词确定答案。还有部分考生甚至是教师把精力和时间都花在了出题规律的研究上，而忽视了阅读效率的提升，这样做可以说是本末倒置。

雅思阅读否定前缀小结

阅读的时候我们经常会碰到一些不认识的词.在没有词典的情况下我们要通过各种手段猜测出单词的大概的模糊意思.因此一些常见的否定前缀就有必要知道了,因为否定前缀就意味着这个词是反方向或者是负向的意思.以下是一些常见的否定前缀的小结.

英语否定的前缀主要有a-ab-anti-counter-de-dis-il-im-in-ir-mal-mis-non-un-等.

a-ab-主要加在形容词动词前,例如atypical非典型性的,abnormal非正常的;abuse滥用、错误使用、虐待;

anti-加在名词、形容词前边.最常见的是anti-Japanese抗日战争、anti-social厌恶社会的反社会的、antidite解毒的药;

counter-加在名词、动词前,例如：counterstrike反击、counteract抵抗阻碍、counterrevolution反革命.

de-加在名词、形容词前,常见的例词有decrease减少,deteriorate恶化,demobilize遣散使…复员、decolor脱色漂白;

dis-主要加在名词、形容词,动词之前,dis-为否定前缀的词有：disadvantage缺点、dishonorable不光彩的、disagree不同意、disappear消失、disarm解除武装、disconnect失去联系

il-主要加在以1开头的单词的前边,比如：illegal非法的、illiterate文盲的、illogical不合逻辑的;

im-加在字母m,b,p之前,这样的词有impossible不可能的、impolite不礼貌的

in-常加在形容词,名词之前,如incorrect不正确的、inability无能无力、inaccurate不准确的等;

ir-放在以r开头的英语单词前面,比如：irregular不稳定的、irresistable不可抵抗的、irresolvable不能分解的不能解决的;

mal-主要加在形容词名词之前,例如malfunction功能紊乱,malicious恶意的;

mis-加在动词、名词前,例词misunderstand误解、misjudge误判、misleading误导、misfortune不幸;

non-加在形容词、名词前,这样以non-为否定前缀的词有non-existence不存在、non-essential不主要的、non-electrical非电的;

un-主要放于名词,形容词,副词前面,常见的例子有unfinished未完成的、undoubted无疑的、unemployment失业;

篇9：如何快速读懂雅思阅读文章

【雅思文章架构剖析】如何快速读懂雅思阅读文章

实验型文章常用的框架结构是研究基本情况，实验具体过程，实验结果，相关结论。Nature or Nurture(遗传还是环境)就是一篇非常有代表性的实验型文章。文章一共分为9 段，框架结构非常清晰。文章一开始就总体上介绍了实验的参与者是40个来自各个行业的教师- 实验对象。接下来阐述了实验的背景设置和学生参与者的真实身份。文章的第三段则是比较详细地介绍了在实验过程中实验对象和实验者 Milgram 的表现。第四段和第五段分别呈现了精神科医生对实验结果的预测和实际实验结果与预测结果形成的巨大反差。精神科医生预测，只有少数的教师实验对象能按照实验者的要求，把电压加到最大值。而实验的实际结果就是85% 的教师实验对象都做到了这一点。第六、七段是从遗传和环境的角度用两种截然不同的说法来解释这些差异。最后两段则是从当代社会生物学角度总结了这个实验的结论。

综上所述，考生在应对实验性文章时一定要搞懂框架结构，这对考题的解答，尤其是段落信息配对题，有着举足轻重的作用。

附：实验类阅读文章一篇

系教育心理方面的文章，有关儿童教育中长期讨论的问题——教育传授vs自学探索

When should you teach children, and when should you let them explore?

It Is one of the oldest debates in education. Should teachers tell pupils the way things are or encourage them to find out for themselves? Telling children “truths” about the world helps them learn those facts more quickly. Yet the efficient learning of specific facts may lead to the assumption that when the adult has finished teaching, there is nothing further to learn—because if there were, the adult would have said so. A study just published in Cognition by Elizabeth Bonawitz of the University of California, Berkeley, and Patrick Shafto of the University of Louisville, in Kentucky, suggests that is true.

Dr Bonawitz and Dr Shafto arranged for 85 four- and five-year-olds to be presented, during a visit to a museum, with a novel toy that looked like a tangle of coloured pipes and was capable of doing many different things. They wanted to know whether the way the children played with the toy depended on how they were instructed by the adult who gave it to them.

One group of children had a strictly pedagogical introduction. The experimenter said “Look at my toy! This is my toy. I'm going to show you how my toy works.” She then pulled a yellow tube out of a purple tube, creating a squeaking sound. Following this, she said, “Wow, see that? This is how my toy works!” and then demonstrated the effect again.:

With a second group of children, the experimenter acted differently. She interrupted herself after demonstrating the squeak by saying she had to go and write something down, thus suggesting that she might not have finished the demonstration. With a third group, she activated the squeak as if by accident. To a fourth, the toy was simply presented with the comment, “Wow, see this toy? Look at this!”'

After these varied introductions, the children were left with the toy and allowed to play. They might discover that, as well as the squeaker, the toy had a button inside one tube which activated a light, a keypad that played musical notes, and an inverting mirror inside one of the tubes. All the children were told to let the experimenter know when they had finished playing and were asked by the instructor if they were done if they stopped playing for more than five consecutive seconds. The entire interaction was recorded on video.,

Footage of each child playing was passed to a research assistant who was ignorant of the purpose of the study. The assistant was asked to record the total playing time, the number of different actions the child performed, the time spent playing with the squeak, and the number of other functions the child discovered.

The upshot was that children in the first group spent less time playing (119 seconds) than those in the second (180 seconds), the third (133 seconds) or the fourth (206 seconds). Those in the first group also tried out four different actions, on average. The others tried 5.3, 5.9 and 6.2, respectively. A similar pattern (0.7, 1.3, 1.2 and 1.2) pertained to the number of functions other than the squeak that the children found."

The researchers' conclusion was that, in the context of strange toys of unknown function, prior explanation does, indeed, inhibit exploration and discovery. Generalising from that would be ambitious. But it suggests that further research might be quite a good idea.

文章结构：

para1 引出讨论观点，开门见山，并引出接下来要进行的试验。

para2 实验内容和实验目的

para3 & para4 实验中，主试(experimenter)将被试(children)按照实验的自变量( different way instructed by the adult)分为四组。

para5 主试离开后，被试的反应。

para6 实验数据的后续处理

para7 实验数据分析

para8 实验结论

雅思阅读难句分析：分割结构

分割结构是一种修辞手段，在英语句子中，特别是在书面语中，比较常见。分割结构就是指把英语句子中原来属于一个整体的句子成分分割开，一部分留在句子的原来位置，另一部分远离原来位置。

如：The best books are treasuries of good words,the golden thoughts,which,remembered and cherished,become our constant companions and comforters. 不难看出which become our constant companions and comforters原本是一个整体，被用作状语的过去分词remembered and cherished分割开。常见的分割结构形式有同位语或同位语从句与先行词的分割，定语或and定语从句与先行词的分割，主语与谓语的分割，谓语与宾语的分割。使用分割结构的目的是使语句结构平衡，避免头重脚轻，或者为了使表达的主题思想更加突出醒目，读起来更通顺流畅。分割结构的存在说明了英语在结构形式和表达方法上的生动性和灵活性，但也造成了句子结构的错综复杂。对于分割结构，只有从结构上和语意上弄清它才能避免理解上的错误，英译汉时要把原来属于一个整体部分的意义译出。

如：An unusual present was given to him for his birthday,a book on ethics.过生日的时候他得到了一件不寻常的礼物——一本关于伦理道德的书。(present 和a book被分隔)

再如：After Galileo's work the feeling grew that there were universal laws governing the motion of bodies and that these laws might apply to motion in the heavens as well as on earth.在伽利略著作之后，这样的认识加强了，即认为存在着支配物体运动的普遍规律，这些规律不仅支配着地球上的也支配着天体上的物体的运动。(the feeling和 that从句被分隔)

此外，还有定语(或定语从句)与其中心词被分隔，某些词语与其所要求的介词被分隔，动词与其宾语被分隔，介词与其宾语被分隔等。总之，英语的分隔应遵循尾重原则(应当把长而复杂的成分放在句末，从而使结构平衡匀称，以避免主语部分太长，谓语部分太短)和句尾信息焦点原则(把新信息，即语义重点放在句子末尾)。阅读时要注意把原来属于一个整体的各部分找出来。

1. Such a viewpoint,particularly prominent in the developing countries,is reinforced by the widely-held belief that it is not the peaceful application of nuclear energy that is endangering the survival of mankind.

第一层：Such a viewpoint,主 particularly prominent in the developing 定 countries,is 系 reinforced 表 by the widely-held belief 状 that it is not the peaceful application of nuclear energy that is end- 同位语从句 angering the survival of mankind.

第二层：(同位语从句)that 引 it 形主 is not 系 the peaceful application 强调主语 of nuclear energy 定 that 引 is endangering 谓 the survival 宾 of mankind. 定

要点 本句主干为Such a viewpoint…… is reinforced by the widely-held belief;形容词短语particularly prominent in the developing countries，作为插入语修饰viewpoint，将主语和谓语分隔开来;介词短语by the widely-held belief是被动语态reinforced的行为主体;that it is……mankind是belief的同位语从句，这里还含有一个强调句式，即it is not the peaceful application……that is endangering……。

译文 这种在发展中国家显得尤为突出的观点被一种广泛持有的信念所加强，即并非和平利用核能正危害着人类的生存。

2. No girl should marry a man whose last name has the same initial as hers,for,as the rhyme goes,Change the name but not the letter,marry for worse instead of better.

第一层：No girl 主 should marry 谓 a man 宾 whose last name has the same initial as hers,定语从句 for,as the rhyme goes,Change 状语从句 the name but not the letter,marry for worse instead of better.

第二层：(定语从句)whose 引 last name 主 has 谓 the same initial 宾 as hers 定

(状语从句)for,引 as the rhyme goes,状 Change 谓 the name 宾 but 连 not the letter,宾 marry 谓 for worse instead of better.状

要点 这是个主从复合句。for是连接词，引导状语从句。as the rhyme goes是插入语，插在for和它引导的从句之间，造成for和它引导的从句的分离，翻译时，可译成一个主谓结构。

译文 姑娘不该嫁给与自己的姓的首字母相同的人，因为正如一首童谣所说：改姓不改首字母，婚后必将受其苦。

3. Nor,if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect,is management to be blamed for discriminating against the odd balls among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who work well with the team.

要点 否定词nor放在句首时，主谓倒装。is放到了主语management前。同时，if引导的条件状语从句置于nor与句子的其他成分之间，造成了句子的割裂状态。条件状语从句中as desirable…… as the writing……可视为同级比较结构。句中who引导的定语从句修饰先行词thinkers，可采用合译的方法翻译。be blamed for为固定短语，意为“因…而受指责”。in favor of ……在句中做状语。

译文 假如像学术论文反映的那样，科学家们期望看到与某种标准模式符合的规律性和一致性。那么，如果管理者们歧视研究者中的“怪杰”，而喜欢善于合作的较常规思维的人，这也是无可指责的。

4. I have discovered,as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress,that abandoning the doctrine of juggling your life,and making the alternative move into downshifting brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.

要点 本句中as perhaps Kelsey will……引导的方式状语从句放到了主句的谓语动词discovered与that引导的宾语从句之间，从而造成动宾之间的分割。as引导的从句中省略了谓语动词discover,是为了避免重复。宾语从句中主语为abandoning……and making……并列的动名词短语;谓语为bring sth with sth结构，只是因宾语过长，而把with短语提前了。

译文 我发觉，放弃那种“日夜操劳的生活”信念而选择“放慢生活的节奏”会带来比金钱和社会地位更大的回报。凯尔西在长期经受巨大压力后，从惹人注目的《女性》杂志编辑部退出之后，恐怕她也将与我有同样的感觉。

5. Such an outcome,if it happens,could cause a political controversy;or it could lead to more power being transferred to the EU in the worst possible circumstances,namely when the Union is deeply unpopular.

要点 这是个复合句。条件从句因为太短，置于主句的主谓之间，造成句子割裂，翻译时应将从句提到句首。namely when the……unpopular是一个状语从句，用来解释the worst possible circumstances.the EU:the European Union,欧盟。

译文 这种结果一旦产生，就可能引起政治上的争吵;在最糟糕的情况下，即在欧盟很不得人心的时候，也可能使更多的权利落到欧盟手中。

6. That fact,let alone the current division between the 11 euro countries and the four,led by Britain,that have not joined,is likely to mean that the Union should become a multi-system entity,with some countries signing up to everything and others choosing only some things.

要点 句子的主干结构是That fact…… is likely to mean that……。with some countries signing up to everything and others choosing only some things是“with +复合结构”形式，表示伴随状态。短语let alone……not joined置于主谓之间，造成句子割裂，翻译时应将其还原，放在最后。分词短语led by Britain和定语从句that have not joined都修饰the four.euro：欧元。multi-：前缀，表示“多…的”，如mutilateral，多边的：multiple，多个的。

译文 这一事实可能意味着欧盟将成为一个多体系的实体，其中一些国家对每一件事都表示赞同，而另一些则不尽然;更不用说以英国为首的尚未加入欧洲统一货币体系的四国和已经 加入这一体系的十一个欧元国家之间目前已存在的分歧了。

7. This trend began during the Second World War,when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.

要点 该句的主干结构是This trend began during the Second World War,when……。when引导定语从句，修饰the Second World War.that the specific……detail是conclusion的同位语从句，在该从句中，主语是 the specific demands of its scientific establishment,that a government wants to make是 demands的定语从句。该定语从句放在其先行词 demands和of介词短语之间，造成句子的割裂。翻译时，可把被割裂的部分还原。

译文 这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间，当时一些国家的政府得出这样的结论：政府要向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。

8. Observations were made of the children at the beginning and at the end of preschool and first grade.

要点 整个of短语作observations的定语，相当于Observations of the children at the beginning and at the end of preschool and first grade were made.因为定语太长，所以将其置于动词之后，以避免句子头重脚轻。这样就造成了句子的割裂，翻译时应将被割裂的部分还原。preschool：学前的。

译文 人们对孩子们在学前班和小学一年级开始时和结束时的情况都曾进行过观察。

9. Whether to use tests,other kinds of information,or both in a particular situation depends,therefore,upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.

要点 这是一个简单句。Whether to……situation是本句的主语，depends是谓语动词，两个upon后面是宾语。availability在句中是指“测试和信息容易得到或找到”。therefore是副词，插在depends 和upon……之间，造成它们在结构上的割裂。翻译时，可把therefore提到句首。

译文 因此，究竟是采用测试还是其他种类的信息，或是在某一特定情况下两者并用，须凭从有关相对效度的经验中得出的证据而定，也取决于诸如费用和有无采用的可能性等因素。

10. I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of having it all,preached by Linda Kelsey for the past seven years in the page of She magazine,into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything.

要点 该句的主干结构是I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of having it all……into a woman……。preached by……magazine是过去分词短语，作the philosophy of having it all的定语，插在from……into之中，造成了句子的割裂。翻译时，可把分词短语译成一个分句，其他照原文顺序翻译。

译文 我从一个“全力以赴”的生活哲学——在过去七年里林达·凯尔西一直在《女性》杂志鼓吹这种生活方式——的积极倡导者，一改而成为随遇而安的女人。

雅思阅读模拟练习及答案

When a rather dirty, poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins, do you hurry on, not knowing what to do, or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money? What should our attitude to beggars be? There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories. It must be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from. It seems cruel not to give some money to beggars.

Certainly, most of the world’s great religions order us to be open-hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves. But has the world changed? Maybe what was morally right in the old days, when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea. Quite a few people will not give to beggars. Let us look at their arguments.

First, some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging. Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil. Secondly, there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer, wine or drugs. Thirdly, there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. One might be poor, but that is no reason for losing one’s sense of pride and self-dependence.

Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people. Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.

It is hard to come to any final conclusion; there are various cases and we must deal with them differently. A few coins can save a life in some situations, and even if the money is wasted, that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.

1. What is mainly discussed in the passage?

_____________________________________________________________________

2. What is the author’s attitude toward beggars?

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Change the underlined sentence into active voice.

Related to this is the opinion that the government rather than ordinary people should _____________ the problem.

4. Choose the best answer, Quite a few:

A. many B. a few C. some

5. Choose the best answer, pitiable:

A. deserving pity B. lovable C. hateful

6. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. Some people dress up to pretend to be beggars.

B. Some beggars want money to help their children go to school.

C. Some beggars use the money to buy drugs.

D. Some beggars have no excuse for begging.

7. In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that it is hard to come to any final conclusion，because ______.

A. the cases can be so different

B. there are so many beggars

C. there is so much money wasted

D. there are so many different arguments

1. Arguments on giving to beggars.

2. We should give some money to beggars.

4. A 5. A 6.B 7.A

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